Salivary enzyme: Begins carbohydrates digestion by breaking down
starch and glycogen to disaccharides
Gastric enzymes: Pepsin , from Gastric glands – Begins protein
digestion . Lipase, from Gastric glands – Begins fat digestion .
Pancreatic enzymes: Amylase , from pancreas – breaks down starch
and glycogen into disaccharides. Lipase, from pancreas – breaks down
fats into fatty acids and glycerol .
Proteolytic enzymes : Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, and Carboxypeptidase from pancreas
breaks down peptides into amino acids . Nucleases, from pancreasbreaks
down nucleic acids into nucleotides.
Intestinal Enzymes: Peptidase, from mucosal cells, breaks down
peptides into amino acids. Sucrase, maltase, and lactase , from
mucosal cells, breaks down disaccharides into monosaccharides.
Lipase, from mucosal cells, breaks down fats into fatty acid and
glycerol. Enterokinase , from mucosal cells, (breaks down) converts
trypsinogen into trypsin
Major Digestive Enzyme
Small Intestine
- The mammalian small intestine is highly specialized for digestion and especially absorbtion
- Villi and microvilli increase absorbtive surface of small intestine
- Each villus contains a lacteal which is a terminal brach of the lymphatic system and is a terminal brach of the lymphatic system and is an important route for reabsorbtion of lipids and water.
- The surface of microvilli is covered with a meshwork of mucopolyaccharide and glycoprotein filaments, the glycocalyx
- This surface coat is extremely resistant to proteolytic and mucolytic agents, hence forms a protective surface.
- Many of important digestive enymes are absorbed into the glycocalyx meshwork, pancreatic amylase, disaccharases and dipeptidases.
- There are four basit mechanism for uptake of nutriends from the gut lumen and glycocalyx layer cytoplasm of the epithelial cells.
- Passive diffusion, Faciliated diffusion, Active transport, Pinocytosis
Digestive System for children
Digestive system educations video for childrens, Human Body education for Kids and How Body Work.
Chemical Digestion in the small intestine video
Chemical digestion in the small intestine, video course for free, online chemical digestion and small intestine, then large intestine digestion and absorbing water process.
absorbtion
There are four essential aspects to absorbtion:
1) physical movement of the nutrient molecules from gut lumen to the wall of the gut tube.
2) maximizing the area of the epithelial cells across which absorbtion can occur.
3) mechanism for transport of the nutrient molecule across the cell membrane into the epithelial cell cytoplasm.
4) transport of the nutrient molecule out of the epitheali cell into the extracellular body fluids. The mammalian small intestine is highly specialized for digestion and especially absorbtion . The mammalian small intestine is higly specialized for digestion and especially aabsorbtion.
Villi and microvilli increases absorbtive surface of small intestine. Each villus containt of lacteal, which is a terminal branch of the lymphatic system and is a terminal branch of the lymphatic system and is an important route for reabsorbtion of lipids and water. The surface of microvilli is covered with a meshwork of mucopolysaccharide and glycoprotein filaments, the glycocalyx.
This surface coat is extremely resistant to proteolytic and mucolytic agents, hence forms a protective surface.
glucostatic
Hunger drive is controlled by hypothalamus. Glucostatic thery of hunger suggests that an increase in blood glucose level increases the activity of the safety center and decreases the activity of hunger center. Low blood glucose has the opposite effects. Aminoacid levels and lipid levels have also been suggested to influence hunger and satiety. The hepotostatic theory of hunger control argues for a role of liver as an important sensor and modulator of the body energy stores. digestion
Digestive system in mammals
General anatomy of digestive system. Ozofagus 1/3 is striated muscle, 2/3 is smooth muscle. Small intestine: duodenum, jejenum, ileum. The end of ileum is appendix (secum in horse) in human. Large intestine: colon, rectum, anus. the structure of digestive tract. Muscularis mucosa, mucus layer, submucosa. Plexus myentericus. In the large intestine, longitiudial muscles concentrated circular muscle n large intestine produce haustra formation. The length of digestive tract depends on type of food ingested by animals. Longest in herbivours, shorter in carnivores.
sindirim sistemi diagram
Yandaki tabloda insan vucuduna ait sindirim sistemi ve sindirim sistemine ait organların, elemanların yerlerini ve Latince isimlerini gösteren diagrami görebilirsiniz. Egitici amaçlarda kullanılması için eklenmiştir. İnsanlık medeniyeti yakalamak istiyorsa ilk olarak kendi vucudünü tam olarak anlayarak ve ne oldugu iyi bilerek bunu başaracaktır.
sedat
The Slow Food Movement’s Health Impact
The slow food movement is said to have originated with Italian Carlo Perrini, in part through his indignation at a McDonald’s opening in the vicinity of the Spanish Steps in Rome. From Perrrinis’ frustration with the intrusion of the American fast-food style of dining a worldwide movement has emerged. The hallmark of slow food is, as its name implies, taking the time to savor and enjoy a meal at a leisurely pace. Other elements of the slow food diet include buying and eating locally produced food, eating organic food and cooking home meals based on traditional recipes.
The slow food movement has certainly caught on, due in part to people being tired of the fast-food dining style and also out of a passion to eat healthier food. But does the slow food movement make for better health? The general outlook of the slow food movement on changing the eating habits of people does seem to assure that eating meals the slow food way will have a positive impact on your life. One major health benefit of the slow food is eating your meals slowly. Most research on the topic indicates that eating at an unhurried pace will help you promote a calm that in turn helps aid digestion.
Another health benefit of the slow food movement is its interest in getting people to buy locally grown fresh foods with minimal packaging and processing. Again, these are all ways of approaching eating that contribute to a more healthy lifestyle by reduced the amount of fat, preservatives and other chemical additives in your food. In addition, the slow food movement encourages people to buy organic produce as much as possible, thereby greatly reducing or eliminating the amount of pesticides in your diet. It seems clear that the slow food movement is designed to make you eat healthier and live a healthier lifestyle. by digestive phsiology
What is the digestive system ?
The digestive system is a technological marvel of the human body. It helps us to chew digest, extract nutriments and get rid of that which we don’t need. In order to understand the digestive system it is important to know it various organs. The digestive system includes the digestive tract, a tube extending from the mouth to the anus, as well as a host of other organs.
The first area of the digestive system and where the journey of all our food begins is the mouth or oral cavity. The mouth includes the lips, cheeks, teeth and palate and it also contains the tongue. The salivary glands and tonsils complete the mouth area. is surrounded by the lips, cheeks, teeth, and palate, and it contains the tongue. The salivary glands and tonsils are accessory organs of the oral cavity.
The mouth opens into the pharynx which continues into the esophagus. The esophagus in its turn continues into the stomach. Within the stomach the walls of the stomach have an abundance of tube like glands. These are the glands that release all the stomach acid which in turn begins to digest all the food it has received. The stomach leads to the small intestine. The small intestine itself is comprised of many different structures including the duodenum, the liver, the gallbladder and the pancreas. by digestive system blog
The next segment of the small intestine is the jejunum. The jejunum has small glands along it which help it in its major task of absorption. Father the jejunum we reach the ileum, the last segment of the small intestine. After the ileum comes the larger intestine. The purposes of the larger intestine are to convert undigested food into feces. The segments of the large intestine include the cecum, the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colons and finally the rectum
Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestines Histology
Histology of Esophagus, Stomach & Small Intestines . Video by William J. Krause. Ph.D. Professor of Anatomy Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences University of Missouri School of Medicine.
what is rectum ?
rectum is the lower part of the large intestine, where feces are stored before they are excreted.
what is peristalsis ?
peristalsis is rhythmic muscle movements that force food in the esophagus from the throat into the stomach. Peristalsis is involuntary - you cannot control it. It is also what allows you to eat and drink while upside-down.
what is esophagus ?
esophagus is the long tube between the mouth and the stomach. It uses rhythmic muscle movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach.
what is gall bladder ?
gall bladder is a small, sac-like organ located by the duodenum. It stores and releases bile and a digestive chemical which is produced in the liver. Into the small intestine.
what is epiglottis ?
it is the flap at the back of the tongue that keeps chewed food from going down the windpipe to the lungs.
When you swallow, the epiglottis automatically closes.
When you breathe, the epiglottis opens so that air can go in and out of the windpipe.
liver and mouth
liver is a large organ located above and in front of the stomach. It filters toxins from the blood, and makes bile and some blood proteins.
mouth is the first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body. Chewing and salivary enzymes in the mouth are the beginning of the digestive process .
what is stomach ?
stomach is a sack-like, muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. Both chemical and mechanical digestion takes place in the stomach. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in a bath of acids and enzymes.
what is transverse colon
transverse colon is the part of the large intestine that runs horizontally across the abdomen.